Matthew 21:1
Outline:
I. \\#Matt 1:1-3:17\\ The Presentation of the King
II. \\#4:1-7:29\\ The Person of the King
III. \\#8:1-11:1\\ The Power of the King
IV. \\#Matthew 11:2-14:13\\ Decisions Concerning the King
V. \\#Matt 14:13-16:12\\ Training the Disciples
VI. \\#Matt 16:13-20\\ Decision by the Disciples
VII. \\#Matthew 16:21-20:28\\ Final Instructions of the King
VIII. \\#Matt 21:1-28:15\\ The Holy Week
A. \\#Matt 21:1-11\\ Sunday, Nisan 10-One week before
the resurrection
1. Jesus’ Triumphant Entry
2. Jesus "looks" in the temple.
3. Jesus returns to Bethany in the evening.
B. \\#Matt 21:12-17\\ Monday, Nisan 11
1. Jesus curses the fig tree.
2. Jesus cleanses the temple.
3. Jesus teaches the people.
4. Jesus returns to Bethany for the night.
C. \\#Matt 21:18-26:16\\ Tuesday, Nisan 12
1. Jesus teaches from the cursed fig tree.
\\#Matt 21:18-22, Mark 11:20-25\\
2. Jesus teaches from the temple.
\\#Matt 21:23-23:29\\
\\#Mark 11:27-12:44\\
\\#Luke 20:1-21:4\\
3. Olivet Discourses
\\#Matt 24:1-25:46\\
\\#Mark 13:1-37\\
\\#Luke 20:1-21:4\\
4. The Evil Ones
\\#Matt 26:1-5, 14-16\\
\\#Mark 14:1-2, 10-11\\
\\#Luke 22:2-6\\
\\#John 13:2\\
5. Passages not yet discussed
\\#Matt 26:6-13\\
\\#Mark 14:3-9\\
D. \\#Matt 26:17-75\\Wednesday, Nisan 13
1. A New Day
\\#Matt 26:17\\
\\#Luke 21:38-22:1\\
\\#Mark 14:12\\
\\#John 13:1\\
2. Prepare the Passover
\\#Matt 26:17-19\\
3. The Meal - Technically, Thursday began at sunset.
\\#Matt 26:20-30\\
4. The Mount of Olives
\\#Matt 26:31-56\\
5. Caiaphas’ \\#Matt 26:57-75\\
E. \\#Matt 27:1-61\\ Thursday, Nisan 14 (Passover)
F. \\#Matt 27:62-66\\ Friday, Nisan 15 (First day of
Unleavened Bread)
G. \\#Matt 28:1-15\\ Sunday, Nisan 17 (Resurrection and
Feast of First Fruits)
Sources:
http://www.jesus.org/death-and-resurrection/holy-week-and-passion/
a-time-line-of-the-passion-week.html
http://bg3-blog.s3.amazonaws.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/
holy-week-timeline.png
I. \\#Matt 21:1-28:15\\ The Holy Week
A. The Holy or Passion Week are names given to the seven days
preceding the resurrection. The resurrection occurred on
Sunday morning, so the Holy Week would be from the Sunday
preceding the resurrection to that Saturday.
B. Although great detail is given in the Bible to the events of
that week, there are still many things that we do not know.
1. Some question which year the death and resurrection of
Christ occurred. Some seem sure.
a. Several issues complicate knowing the answer,
including uncertainty about when some events
happened and the different calendar systems.
(1) The Jews had a calendar that operated off 12
thirty-day months.
(2) The Romans used the Julian Calendar starting in
45 BC. This calendar was based on the year being
365.25 days long which is almost correct. The
year is actually a few minutes less than 365 1/4
days long.
(3) By 1582, the few minutes difference had amounted
to several days’ (I think 10) error. To adjust,
the world changed to the Gregorian Calendar.
b. The most accepted dates given for Jesus’ crucifixion
fall between 28 BC and 32 BC.
c. A Jewish calendar converter program converts the
following Hebrew dates to Gregorian dates:
Nisan 14, 3783 = March 22, 23
Nisan 14, 3784 = April 10, 24
Nisan 14, 3785 = March 31, 25
Nisan 14, 3786 = March 20, 26
Nisan 14, 3787 = April 7, 27
Nisan 14, 3788 = March 28, 28
Nisan 14, 3789 = April 14, 29
Nisan 14, 3790 = April 3, 30
Nisan 14, 3791 = March 24, 31
Nisan 14, 3792 = April 12, 32
Nisan 14, 3793 = April 1, 33
Nisan 14, 3794 = March 20, 34
Nisan 14, 3795 = April 9, 35
http://www.hebcal.com/converter/?hd=14&hm=Nisan&hy=3792&h2g=Convert+
Hebrew+to+Gregorian+date
f. And according to a day of the week converter, the
following dates occurred on the following days:
March 22, 23-Thursday
April 10, 24-Thusday
March 31, 25-Tuesday
March 20, 26-Satuday
April 7, 27-Thursday
March 28, 28-Wednesday
April 14, 29-Sunday
April 3, 30-Thursday
March 24, 31-Tuesday
April 12, 32-Tuesday
April 1, 33-Saturday
March 20, 34-Tuesday
April 9, 35-Tuesday
http://www.calculatorcat.com/free_calculators/day_of_week.phtml
g. The traditional view is that Jesus was crucified in
the Hebrew year 3790 or the Gregorian year 30.
2. The traditional view also holds that Jesus was crucified
on Friday of 30 AD. While I have no problem with the
tradition year, I prefer to think that Jesus was
crucified as the Passover lamb was being slain, not
the day AFTER.
a. I have had problems with that theory, namely that it
is difficult to imagine the Jews crucifying any man
on such a holy day.
b. However, I have recently come across an interesting
bit of commentary by John Albert Broadus, in his
work "The Gospel of Matthew," from Matthew 26:1-5.
After two days {so #Mr 14:1} must mean less than
forty-eight hours, or it would have been called
three days (comp. on #Mt 27:63); the festival
began on Thursday afternoon with the slaying of
the lamb. The words may be naturally regarded
as uttered after sunset on what we should call
Tuesday, but according to the Jewish reckoning,
the beginning of Wednesday.
c. I do not know if John A. Broadus argues for a Thursday
crucifixion or not, but he shared an interesting
fact, namely, that if the Passover was celebrated on
Friday, the lamb would have been slain on Thursday
afternoon. While I have known this, it apparently
had not "sunk" in for I continued to think the
Passover was exclusively on the 14th day
\\#Ex 12:6, 18\\. Seeing the Passover as a two-day
event, with the greater emphasis on the feast
rather than the slaying, the majority of problems
with a Thursday crucifixion are cleared away.
d. While there may be problems with a Thursday
crucifixion, I am at peace with it for I know that
there are far more problems with the crucifixion
being any other day of the week.
e. I continue to acknowledge that part of the reason I
hold to a Thursday crucifixion is emotional.
Emotionally, it is difficult for me to believe that
the Passover Lamb of God missed dying with the
Passover lambs by one day.
\\See 2010Notes on "Matthew 26:1"\\ and Topic \\200099\\.
C. \\#Matt 21:1-11\\ Sunday, Nisan 10-One week before the
resurrection. \\#Mk 11:1-11, Luke 19:1-44, John 12:12-19\\
1. \\#1\\ Bethphage, meaning "place of the young figs." Is
an ancient village just past the summit of the Mount of
Olives. Beyond it is Bethany, the village of Mary,
Martha, and Lazarus. As Jesus was coming in from the
Jordan River to Jerusalem, He was traveling west and
would have come through Bethany first, then Bethphage.
He returned each night back to Bethany. \\#John 11:18\\
says it was about 15 furlongs or 9,900 feet or slightly
less than 2 miles.
2. \\#2-6\\ Jesus sent two disciples to locate and bring to
Him a donkey and its colt that He might ride the virgin
colt into Jerusalem.
a. \\#4\\ This was prophetic.
Zechariah 9:9 Rejoice greatly, O daughter of
Zion; shout, O daughter of Jerusalem: behold,
thy King cometh unto thee: he is just, and
having salvation; lowly, and riding upon an
ass, and upon a colt the foal of an ass.
b. And it was historic \\#1Kings 1:32-40\\. When
Adonijah, one of David’s sons, thought to take the
throne to himself, David had Solomon placed on his
mule and brought down to Gihon (presumably Gihon
Springs on the east side of Jerusalem) as a
presentation that Solomon was the king’s choice to
be king of Israel.
3. \\#7-11\\ The disciples first, then some of the crowd that
was accompanying Jesus, recognized this as a symbolic
act.
a. They believed (and were correct) that Jesus was
presenting Himself to the Jews as their King and
Messiah. This is evident by what they said.
(1) They called Jesus King.
Luke 19:38 Saying, Blessed be the King that
cometh in the name of the Lord: peace in heaven,
and glory in the highest.
(2) \\#9-10\\ They prayed, "Hosanna." The Hebrew
means "save us." It was used in
\\#Psalm 118:25\\ and is a prayer which would
only be offered to a King and Savior.
(3) \\#10\\ They are looking for the "kingdom" of
David.
b. Remembering that the people already expected that
Jesus was traveling to Jerusalem to establish a
kingdom, it is easy to understand how they would see
the connection.
Luke 19:11 And as they heard these things, he
added and spake a parable, because he was nigh
to Jerusalem, and because they thought that the
kingdom of God should immediately appear.
c. Understanding what they crowd expected, it is easy to
see that they were soon disappointed.
(1) The people would have expected Jesus to go to the
palace, but He went to the temple. That in
itself would not have disillusioned them, but
the fact that Jesus never went to the palace to
dethrone Rome or to take His place as King would
have. After a few days, the same people who
had welcomed Jesus as their King on Sunday would
be willing to crucify Him.
(2) This is the official presentation of Jesus to the
people of Israel.
(a) In \\#Matt 11:2-14:13\\, we saw the
decisions some had made concerning the
King of Israel (Forerunner, Masses, Cities,
and the Pharisees).
(b) Then in \\#Matt 13:53-14:12\\, we saw more
decisions (Nazareth, Herod).
(c) And finally in \\#Matt 16:13-20\\, we saw
the decision of His disciples.
(d) Now it is time for the nation to make their
decision. While it may look like they
made the right decision, their true
feelings will be seen in just four days.
(3) Matthew does not note what Jesus did on this day,
but Mark does. On Sunday, Jesus just looked
around the temple and left. Later in the day,
Jesus returned to Bethany.
Mark 11:11 And Jesus entered into Jerusalem,
and into the temple: and when he had looked
round about upon all things, and now the
eventide was come, he went out unto Bethany
with the twelve.
4. Details of that day which we have not mentioned.
a. \\#Luke 19:41-44\\ tells us that on the way down the
Mount of Olives, Jesus stopped to weep over the city.
b. \\#John 12:20-50\\ If John is writing in a
chronological order, the events he recorded probably
happened during the remainder of that Sunday.
(1) \\#John 12:20-22\\ Greeks came uo the Passover,
looking for Jesus.
(2) \\#John 12:23-26\\ Jesus spoke of His hour.
(3) \\#John 12:27-30\\ The Father affirmed His Son.
(4) \\#John 12:31-36\\ Jesus spoke of the effects of
His death.
(5) \\#John 12:37-41\\ Most refused to believe.
(6) \\#John 12:42-43\\ But a few did believe, even
among the chief priests.
(7) \\#John 12:44-50\\ Jesus explained the
consequences of these decisions.
D. \\#Matt 21:12-17\\ Monday, Nisan 11 \\#Mark 11:11-19,\\
\\Luke 19:45-46\\
1. Although Matthew does not note it, most likely a full 24
hours have passed between Matthew 21:11 and
Matthew 21:12.
2. \\#Mark 11:12-14\\ tells us that on the way into Jerusalem
that morning, Jesus stopped to eat figs off a tree
(probably at Bethphage, "the place of the young figs,"
and finding none, He cursed the fig tree.)
3. Matthew will mention this event in the past tense when
the dried up fig tree is seen. \\#Matt 21:18-22\\
4. \\#Mark 11:16-19\\ Then Jesus came into Jerusalem and
cleansed the temple \\#Matt 21:12-16, Luke 19:45-46\\.
a. \\#12-13\\ Obviously, what Jesus had seen the day
before angered Him. The temple, a place meant for
prayer and worship, had become a place of business.
(1) Jesus ran the money changers out.
(2) \\#John 2:13-22\\ This is either the second time
Jesus cleansed the temple of else John is not
recording events chronologically.
b. \\#14-17\\ Jesus stayed in the temple after this to
heal \\#14\\ and to teach \\#15-16\\.
5. \\#Matt 21:17\\ After which, Jesus returned to Bethany for
the night.
E. \\#Matt 21:18-26:16\\ Tuesday, Nisan 12
1. Matthew turns his attention to recording Jesus’ teachings
in great detail. Most of the teaching Matthew records
occurred on Tuesday but Jesus’ teaching will continue
into Wednesday.
a. \\#Matt 21:18-23:39\\ - Jesus teaches the crowds, the
Jewish leaders, and the disciples.
b. \\#Matt 24:1-26:46\\ Jesus will teach His disciples
until He is arrested.
(1) Jesus teaches from the cursed fig tree.
\\#Matt 21:18-22, Mark 11:20-25\\
(2) Jesus teaches from the temple.
\\#Matt 21:23-23:29\\
\\#Mark 11:27-12:44\\
\\#Luke 20:1-21:4\\
2. Jesus teaches from the cursed fig tree.
\\#Matt 21:18-22, Mark 11:20-25\\
a. \\#Matt 21:18-19\\ Matthew is recording what Jesus
had done the day before. The account is simple and
straight forward enough. Jesus came to a fig tree
to eat. There were no figs, Jesus cursed the tree
forever.
b. \\#Matt 21:20-22\\ This Matthew records what took
place on Tuesday.
(1) The disciples marvelled that in 24 hours, the
tree had withered.
(2) Jesus used the occasion to teach the disciples
that whatever they asked for (in God’s will)
and had faith for, they would receive.
(3) It has long been my thought this the fig tree is
a picture of Israel. Our Lord having come to
Israel to look for fruit, found none. As a
result, the curse that Jesus pronounced has
fallen upon Israel.
3. Jesus teaches from the temple.
\\#Matt 21:23-23:29\\
\\#Mark 11:27-12:44\\
\\#Luke 20:1-21:4\\
a. Teaching in the temple - Jesus spent the Tuesday
teaching in and around Jerusalem, starting in the
temple He had cleansed the day before.
b. The Topics
(1) \\#Matt 21:23-27\\ His Authority
(a) \\#23\\ The religious leaders, having seen
Jesus’ entry into the city, having heard
the people offering Hosannas to Him,
having witnessed Him cleanse the temple,
ask Him, "Who gave you the authority to do
these things."
(b) The leaders thought they had Jesus in a
trap. If Jesus answered men gave Him His
authority, they could say He was not from
heaven. If Jesus said that His authority
was from heaven, they would have said He
was blaspheming and stoned Him.
(c) \\#24\\ Jesus answer with a question about
John the Baptist. It is the same basic
question they asked Jesus, placing the
religious leaders in the same type of
predicament in which they wanted to place
Jesus.
(d) \\#27\\ So the leaders refuse to answer His
question and Jesus refuses to answer
theirs.
(2) \\#Matt 21:28-32\\ Parable - It is not too late
to do the right thing.
(a) \\#28-30\\ The parable is straight forward.
(b) \\#30\\ "Which son did the will of the
father?" The son who finally obeyed his
father.
(c) \\#31-32\\ So some who have rebelled the
worse (i.e. the publicans and harlots)
will go into heaven before the religious
leaders for some of them were accepting
Jesus while the religious leaders who
proclaimed to obey God, would not.
(3) \\#Matt 21:33-46\\ Parable and Sermon - Judgment
will come to Israel for what they are about to
do.
(a) \\#33-39\\ Another straight forward
parable, especially with the details as
carefully explained as they are.
i. The householder is God.
ii. The vineyard is God’s kingdom and
work.
iii. The servants were the prophets.
iv. The husbandmen was Israel.
v. The householder’s son is Jesus.
(b) Israel rejected God’s ownership and finally
God’s Son, killing Him, which they would
do within hours.
(c) \\#40\\ What is the householder going to
do?
i. \\#41\\ Notice the answer is not
highlighted as being spoken by Jesus.
The people, including the religious
leaders, give the answer.
ii. "He will miserably destroy those
wicked men, and will" give the
vineyard unto others.
(d) \\#42-44\\ What does that mean? Jesus
makes three prophetic statements.
i. The Stone rejected (Jesus) shall be
the "head of the corner," the central
and chief Cornerstone of the new
work, His church.
ii. \\#43\\ "The Kingdom of God," that is,
God’s earthly work, will be taken
from Israel and given to another,
the church.
iii. \\#44\\ While it may look like Israel
has broken the Stone (Jesus), the
reality is that the Stone will break
Israel.
(e) \\#45-46\\ While it takes a few moments for
the religious leaders to realize that they
are the subjects of the parable, they
eventually do realize it and desire to
do something to Jesus. However, they
cannot because of the great crowd of
people there.
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